With the continuous improvement of living standards, people are increasingly demanding on fiber materials in apparel. It is in this situation that new varieties of chemical fibers come out one after another. In the replacement of natural fibers - imitation of natural fibers - more than natural fibers in the process, the successful development of many new polymer materials, a series of new chemical fiber molding technology emerged, a large number of high-performance, multi-functional new fiber was born, A class of fibers different from ordinary fibers, manufactured to suit specific uses, are collectively referred to as "differential fibers."

The so-called differential fiber, that is, on the basis of the original chemical fiber, physical or chemical methods of modification, these fibers not only retain the basic characteristics of the original varieties of fibrils, but also overcome its inherent shortcomings, the conventional fiber difference The physical modification of the method (mainly to change the physical structure of the polymer, the fiber properties change), chemical modification (using copolymerization, grafting or crosslinking of the fiber structure within the polymer to change, thereby changing Fiber properties), process modification (in the fiber production process using physical or chemical methods to change the fiber properties) and comprehensive modification, if according to their different modification period can be divided into pre-spinning modification, spinning process change Sex and silk after modification.

The main types of differentiated fibers are as follows

1. Profiled fibers

Profiled fibers that fiber cross-section was non-circular, mainly trilobal, pentagonal, rectangular and flat, hollow shape, which consists of spinneret hole shaped method, puffing bonding method, composite spinning method, rolling method and Hole shape changes obtained, and other special shaped fibers with special luster and good stain resistance, good fluffy and breathable performance, anti-pilling and wear resistance, good anti-static properties and moisture absorption properties, and have good Dyeing properties.

▲ The upper row is the shape of the spinneret hole used to make profiled fibers,

The lower row is the shape of the corresponding fiber cross-section

2. Three different fibers

That is shaped cross-section, different denier, the abbreviation of different shrink fibers.

3. Composite fiber

Several different properties of the composite materials into a new kind of novel fibers, it has co-spinning type, side-by-side, skin core type, split type and multi-layer type (parallel multi-layer, multi-radiation, hollow radiation, Layer type) and island type. The most prominent feature of composite fibers is that they bring together the characteristics of the various fibers so that the new fibers have the common characteristics of the various fibers.

4. Fine denier silk and ultrafine denier

That is, the fine fibers of the monofilament in the fiber are soft in the hand, because the flexural rigidity of the fiber is proportional to the square of the fineness of the fiber, and the treated fabric has delicate and soft waxy feeling , You can get Bu sub-ideal jeanette and suede.

5. Nanofibers

The fiber whose fiber diameter is less than 100 nm is usually called nanofibers. It has good surface effect, small size effect, quantum size effect and tunneling effect of macroscopic quantum. Therefore, the fiber has the properties of absorbing ultraviolet ray and shielding electromagnetic wave.

High shrinkage fiber

Synthetic fiber staple fiber boiling water shrinkage of no more than 5%, filaments of 7% -9%, the boiling water shrinkage of more than 35% of the fibers, said high shrinkage fibers, which is reduced fiber initial junction degree, increase the fiber Amorphous region obtained, it is blended with ordinary fibers, interwoven fabric, after boiling water treatment, due to shrinkage of the fiber to form a three-dimensional or fluffy pattern, and to obtain excellent shape retention high flower fabric and seersucker fabric, Fabric feel soft, lightweight light fluffy, excellent thermal performance.

Functional fibers

It has high elasticity (spandex, PTT fiber, etc.), conductive, flame retardant, heat resistant, corrosion resistant, medical fiber and so on.

Other

There are coloring silk, easy to dye fiber, fancy silk and so on.

Differentiated fiber development with high technology content, involving many scientific fields and cross each other, the added value of the product, the rapid development of varieties and great potential for development. Vigorously promoting the development of differential fiber in China will surely make a great contribution to our country's chemical fiber industry out of the woods and increase its competitiveness so as to create favorable conditions for its entry into the international market.

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